What is the primary function of Calcium Channel Blockers?

The primary function of Calcium Channel Blockers is to lower blood pressure. These medications work by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. As calcium contributes to muscle contraction, blocking calcium channels leads to the relaxation of the vascular smooth muscles. This results in vasodilation, thereby reducing the resistance the heart has to work against and ultimately lowering blood pressure.

Additionally, while Calcium Channel Blockers can also have effects on heart rate—some may decrease heart rate depending on the specific medication and the condition being treated—lowering blood pressure is the fundamental action that particularly characterizes the class. In contrast, they do not promote clotting, nor do they increase heart rate as a primary effect. Their main role in hypertension management emphasizes the importance of reducing systemic vascular resistance and controlling cardiovascular conditions.